Method of preparing yarn spools and tube frames for axminster looms



March 6, 1951 Q o. v. PAYNE METHOD OF PREPARING YARN SPOOLS AND TUBE FRAMES FOR AXMINSTER LOOMS Original Filed July 28, 1948 all INVENTOR OSCAR v. PAYNE (MM-WNW ATTORNEY Patented Mar. 6, 1951 2,544,435

* UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE 2,544,435 METHOD OF PREPARING YARN SPOOLS AND TUBE FRAMES FOR AXMINSTER LOOMS Oscar V. Payne, Leicester, Mass., assignor to Crompton & Knowles Loom Works, Worcester, Mass., a corporation of Massachusetts Original application July 28, 1948, Serial No. 41,003. Divided and this application August 16,

1949, Serial No. 110,612

- 2 Claims.

This is a division of my co-pending application Serial No. 41,003, filed July 28, 1948.

This invention relates to improvements in Axminster looms and it is the general object of the invention to provide an improved Axminster a central longitudinal axis. The method includes the steps of winding pairs of identical spools, mounting them on pairs of tube frames reversible in the chains, applying one tube frame of each pair taken in the order in which the tube frame. 5 pairs are wound to the chains for one half the In Axminster looms the tuft yarns are wound pattern, and reversing the remaining tube frames on spools carried by tube frames which are end for end and applying them to the chains ordinarily provided with a single row of yarn for the other half of the pattern in the reverse tubes having their receiving mouths in a single order of winding of the pairs of spools. line parallel to the carrier bar of the tube frame. With these and other objects in view which In such a construction the yarn receiving mouths will appear as the description proceeds, the inare so narrow that they interfere with the entry vention resides in the combination and arrangeinto the yarn tubes of large sized yarns or knots ment of parts hereinafter described and set forth. in yarns. It is an important object of the pres- 5 In the accompanying drawings, wherein a conent invention to provide a tube frame having venient embodiment of the invention is set forth, two rows of yarn tubes, one on each side there- Fig. 1 is a side elevation, parts being broken of, the rows being inclined toward each other away and parts being in section, of a tube frame so that their delivery mouths are arranged along made according to the present invention, a single line, or in a single row. When a tube Fig. 2 is a vertical section on line 2-2, Fig. 1, frame is constructed in this manner the spacing Fig. 3 is a detailed horizontal section on line between adjacent tubes in any one row can be 3--3, Fig. 1, double the spacing in the usual tube frame, Fig. 4 is an end view looking in the direction thereby providing room for enlarged yarn reof arrow 4, Fig. 1, showing the lower part of ceiving mouths, but the yarn delivery mouths the tube frame, parts being in section, and inwill be arranged substantially as in the usual dicating one of the transfer clutches in dot and tube frame to permit use with ordinary loom dash lines, and parts. Fig. 5 is a diagrammatic view showing a pat- When a rug is unsymmetrical about a central tern for an Axminster fabric setting forth the transverse axis it is usually necessary to wind a advantages of the reversibility of the tube frame different spool for each row of tufts in the fabric, set forth herein. each spool having its color yarns in a different Referring particularly to Figs. 1 and 2, the order with respect to the direction of unwinding. right and left transporting chains [0 and II, This will be true even though the pattern of respectively, of the loom are fed intermittently one-half of the rug be merely the opposite hand in usual manner and are provided with a group of the other half. It is another object of the of tube frames which move one by one to a present invention to make a tube frame symtransfer station in the loom. The tube frames, metrical about a longitudinal plane passing only one of which is shown, are removed from through the axis of the spool bearings and the this station by transfer clutches, are dipped and yarn delivery mouths, so that the tube frame then rolled-in, after which they are lifted and will be reversible in the transporting chains. the lower ends of the tufts severed by knives. Under this arrangement two identical spools The tube frames are then returned to the chains.

can be wound on the setting frame for each These parts of an Axminster loom are of comorder of yarns drawn from the creel with no mon construction and are not set forth herereversal of the setting frame. Each pair of in. It is thought sufficient to state that there spools thus wound is mounted on a pair of tube will be a transporting chain at each side of the frames, and one of the tube frames of a pair is, loom and the chains will be so formed that each used for the first half of the rug and the other can hold either end of the tube frame to be defor the second half of the rug. Tube frames scribed. To accomplish this result the chains previously have had all the delivery mouths of need not be different from those customarily emtheir yarn tubes on one side only of a line passployed. ing through the axis of the spool bearings, and The tube frame comprises a carrier bar It. the carrier bar, and for this reason they could which may be tubular and of the inverted isosnot be reversed when being put in the transportceles trapezoidal cross section shown in Fig. 2. ing chains. n V that is, with a relatively broad top 13 and a nar It is a further object of the invention to prorow bottom M, and equal inclined side walls l5 vide an improved method of preparing andapand I6. Fitted into the right end of the bar 52 plying tube frames to transporting chains when as shown in Fig. 1 is a block I! held in position the fabric has its two halves considered lengthby screws l8 tapped into the block and passing wise thereof of opposite hand with reference to 6 through walls 15 and I 6.

The block I! has secured thereto an upwardly extending spool bearing to receive the gudgeon 2! of a yarn spool S. A chain engaging mem; ber 22 is offset as at 23 and has a tongue 24 to pass between the two links 25 of chain It; A hook 26 pivoted at 21 with respect to the block I! normally hangs over one of the chain links 25 to support the right end of the tube frame when the latter is in the chain. The block H, spool bearing 20; and member 22 are all rigid with respect to each other and may be welded together or fastened to each other in any other approved manner. Any approved form of spool tension; such as that shown at 28, may be employed to retard rotation of spool S. K

.The loom will have two transfer clutches one of which is shown at 30 in Fig. 1. This clutch has a bottom lip 31 to pass under the adjacent end of the carrier bar l2 and has side wings 32 one of which i shown in Fig. 1. These side wings will be shaped to engage the lower ends of the spool bearing 20 and the member 22, as suggested in Fig. 4. A screw 33 in the upper end of the clutch is positioned to engage the lower end of hook 26 and move the latter away from the chain when the clutch moves to the left as viewed in Fig. 1 preparatory to a tuft forming operation of the loom. V

The left end of the tube frame which is supported by chain II is similar to the right end already described with the exception that the spool bearing 35 i provided with a spring bearing membertt which permits the spool gudgeon 31 to be pushed downinto bearing relation with respect to the spool member '35. A clutch (not shown) similar to clutch 36 will be employed for the left end of the tube frame. v

The spool S is wound with tuft -yarns Y which will be arranged with respect to their color ac- 1 cording to the pattern reduire'me'nts. The spool will be wound in the usual manner with the tuft yarns arranged side by side and drawn through yarn tubes to be described secured to the carrier bar [2. In usual tube frames these yarn tubes are in a single plane or row and are arranged side by sideon one side only 'of the carrier bar and are spaced apart a distance determined by the gauge of the tube frame. Thus, if the tube frame is made to Weave an Axminster rug having seven tufts to the inch measured across the fabric, the yarn tubes will be /7" apart alon the length of the carrier bar, and the yarn receiving mouths of the tubes will ordinarily be no wider than /7.

In the present instance I arrange the yarn tubes T in two planes or rows and incline the planes of the rows to each other so that the upper ends of the tubes of one row are spaced transversely of the carrier bar with respect to the upper ends of tubes of the other row, but the lower ends of all the tubes of both lOWs will be aligned much in the same manner as are the lower ends of the yarn tubes of the ordinary tube frame.

Referring particularly to Fig. 2, the left hand row 40 of yarn tubes extends downwardly to the right from the inclined side wall l5, while the other row 4| of yarn tubes extends downwardly to the left from the inclined side wall It. The yarn tubes are secured to carrier plates 42 which may be fastened to their respective sides of the carrier bar by screws 43. The yarn tubes the yarn tubes will be to space the tubes in the carrier bar with respect to the 'yarn tubes either row double the distance which has been possible with tube frames as heretofore made, as will be apparent in Fig. 1. Because of this double spacing the upper end of each yarn tube can be provided with a yarn receiving mouth 45 which has a width approximately double the gauge of the tube frame. These mouths are arranged in two rows, the rows 46 and 41 correspondin respectivelyto the yarn tube rows 40 and 4|. The plates 42 are secured to the carrier bar l2 so that the yarn tubes of one row will be between the tubes of the other row.

The yarn mduths are substantially circular, see Fig. 3, although I do not wish to be limited to this particular shape, but when the mouth is round it provides a maximum area for the entry of a knotin a yarn for a given perimeter of the tube. it is to be understood that the tube will be formed of one piece of metal and may be either folded, as is common in prior practice, or may be made of a sea'mlessftube cylindrical in original form and then rolled and shaped to provide the mouth and a yarn passage 48. v

The lower end of each yarn tube has a yarn delivery rnouth, the yarn tubes of 'row 40 having delivery mouths 50, while the tubes of row 4| have delivery mouths ii. The m'ouths 50 and 5| are aligned lengthwise of the carrier bar as shown in Fig. '2. These mouths are in a plane which passes through the axis of the spool bearmes 22 and 35 and the central longitudinal axis of the carrier bar, and the tube frame is symmetrical about a vertical axis as Viewed in Fig. '2. The yarns will be divided into two planes '55 and 56 leading respectively to the rows 40 and 4| of yarn tubes.

Asa result of the symmetry of the tube frame about a vertical axis it is reversible so that either -end thereof can be supported by either chain ID or chain 1 I. The advantage of this reversibility will be understood with reference to Fig. 5, which shows a fabric 60 having a large central figure 6 I, shown here in the '"form of a diamond, symmetric about a central transverse axis indicated by line 62. In the upper left hand corner of the fabric is a second figure 65, shown as a triangle, while in the lower right hand corner there is a third figure 66 similar to figure 65, but of the opposite hand and inverted. The upper right hand and lower left hand corners of the fabric are left plain and unfig'ured, so that the fabric 60 is not symmetrical about either the axis 62 or the central lengthwise axis indicated by line 61. The upper and lowe'ihalves of the fabric are 'of opposite handwith reference to the longitudinal axis 61.

To illustrate the previously mentioned method when used to weave 'a "pattern such as that shown at 60, two cross rows of tufts at equal distances from axis 62 will be selected for consideration. It is assumedthat the upper frame FL shown in Fig. 2 is one of a pair "of'identical tube frames the other 'of which is designated 'at FR. Tube frame FL is in such position that its yarns are arranged toproduce thecros's'row of tufts on line 68 which will be a "given distance a from axis 62. At the bottom of Fig. 5 the similar tube frame-FR-is reversed and in itsrever'sed position it will supply the yarns for the cross row69 of tufts also at distame a from axis 62. Each of the spools for the particular sections shown at lines 68 and 69 in Fig. 5 will have a central group of distinctive yarns corresponding to the diamond shaped fig ure 6|, and near one end thereof will be another group II of distinctively colored yarns for the triangular figures 65 and 66. Tube frame FR may be considered to have its sections 16 and H arranged in right hand order, while the sections Ill and H of tube frame FL are in left hand order.

Only one pair of tube frames has been described in connection with Fig. 5, but it will be understood that similar relations will exist for all the other pairs of tube frames. The pair for thetopmost and bottommost rows of tufts of pattern 60 will be at the ends of the series of tube frames in the transporting chains, while the pair of tube frames for the two rows of tufts at the center, one at each side of axis 62, will be side by side in the series. The members of the other pair of tube frames will be separated in the chains according to the distance between their respective rows of tufts in fabric 60.

When the series of spools is prepared for weaving the fabric 60 there will be half as many kinds of spools with respect to color or pattern distribution of yarns as that needed for weaving the fabric, but there will be a pair of each kind, and for each row of tufts of one hand in one half of the fabric one member of a pair will be used, and for the corresponding row of opposite hand in the other half of the fabric the other member will be used. The pairs of spools are arranged in the order in which they are wound on pairs of tube frames, and one or the first member of the first pair of frames is put in the transporting chain, then one or the first member of the next pair, etc., until the first member of all the pairs of tube frames for the first half of the fabric 60, the upper half in Fig. 5, for instance, are arranged on the transporting chains in the order of winding of the pairs of spools. Then the second or remaining tube frames of the pairs are turned end for end and put in the chain in reverse order of winding. One half of the tube frames, that is, the first members of the pairs, will be attached to the chains in positions corresponding for instance to the tube frame designated at FL, while the other half of the tube frames, the second members of the pairs, will be in positions suggested by the tube frame FR.

It will thus be seen that it will not be necessary to wind a different spool for each tuft of rows throughout the whole length of the fabric 60, and it will suffice if only half as many threadings of the setting frame are used as would be necessary if the tube frames were not reversible in the transporting chains.

From the foregoing it will be seen that the invention sets forth a tube frame having two rows of tuft yarn tubes arranged in such manner that each yarn tube can have an enlarged mouth for the passage of large yarns or knots in the yarns. This result is accomplished by having every other yarn tube on one side of the carried bar [2, and the intermediate yarn tubes on the other side of the bar. While the yarn receiving mouth are in two different rows preferably parallel to the carrier bar, the yarn delivery mouths 50 and 5| are all aligned so that they will be presented to the nose board of the loom and the cutting mechanism in the same manner as under previous practies. The distance between adjacent receiving mouths in either row is double the distance between adjacent delivery mouths. Furthermore, it will be seen that the tube frame is symmetrical about a vertical longitudinal plane passing through the axis of the spool bearings, the longitudinal central axis of the carrier bar l2, and the aligned delivery mouths 50 and 5!, and for this reason the tube frame can be reversed in the transporting chains [0 and H. Because of the reversibility of the tube frames in the chains a non-symmetrical pattern, such as that shown in Fig. 5, can be woven from tube frames the spools of which are wound with half as many threadings of the setting frame as would otherwise be necessary, and with no reversals of the setting frame, and this fact simplifies the method of preparing tube frames for assembly in the chains.

Having thus described the invention it will be seen that changes and modifications of the foregoing specific disclosure may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.

What is claimed as new is:

1. The method of preparing yarn spools and tube frames for the transporting chains of an Axminster loom to weave a fabric symmetrical about a central transverse axis thereof and one half of which considered with respect to the central longitudinal axis of the fabric is of a hand opposite that of the other half, said method including the following steps: winding pairs of identical spools in an order corresponding to the order of the rows of tufts in the first half of the fabric, mounting the spools in the order in which they are wound on pairs of tube frames which are reversible in the chains, applying one tube frame from each pair of tube frame to the chains in the order in which the pairs of spools are wound, and reversing the remaining tube frames of said pairs of tube frames and applying them to the chains in an order the reverse of the winding order of said pairs of spools,

2. The method of preparing yarn spools and tube frames for the transporting chains of an Axminster loom to weave a fabric symmetrical about a central transverse axis thereof and one half of which considered with respect to the central longitudinal axis of the fabric is of a hand opposite to that of the other half, said method including the following steps: winding pairs of duplicate spools in the order required for the first half of the fabric, the number of pairs corresponding to the number of rows of tufts for one half of the fabric, applying the pairs of spools to pairs of tube frames which are reversible in the chains, placing the first members of the pairs of tube frames in the chains in the order in which the pairs of spools are wound, and turning the second members of the pairs of tube frames end for end and placing them in the chains in an order the reverse of that in which the pairs of spools are wound.

OSCAR V. PAYNE.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS 

